小島電廠和社會基石
2013-12-05
小島電廠和社會基石
小島電廠和社會基石
2012-05-11
关于韩寒的读书无用论
总之,我的几个观点:
1,大陆的教育制度弊端百出,韩寒的反抗不是过分而是仍比较收敛。
2,韩寒作为“公共知识分子”形象出现是始于他的博客,其主要言论是针砭时弊,对于公民社会的建设、维权和政体改革的讨论有非常大的促进作用。
3,韩寒早年读书很多,赛车之后就减少了,他的读书无用论表现在两个方面:第一是他高中辍学,这个行为究竟可不可取,见仁见智。我认为这个特殊事件本身是成功的而且有启发意义的,但不是人人可学的。不过我站在个人的角度,在精神上非常推崇他的这个举动,这是一个由反抗到成功的经典案例。第二是他接受采访的时候的“我最近不读书,只上网看杂志”,我认为不需要放大这个言论的意义。读书当然有用,这个韩寒是非常清楚的(在他最近的视频里可以看出)。我相信从网络上左右派的大战里,那么多饱读诗书的学者文人,却出口那么荒谬的言论,可以看出读死书有时候和不读书没什么区别。
4,虽然我不同意“读书无用”,但我同情韩寒的心情。
5,华人社会向来尊崇教育,所以他的言论引起轩然大波是可以理解的。但是这也从侧面表现出,这种文化崇尚传统、正统、权威和中庸的态度:不读书就是败家,不读书就是反智,只有读书才是正经出路。这在其他社会里是不能想象的,西方的学院传统是近几百年才建立的,到18,19世纪还有很多学者是在教育系统外而自学成才的。而至今为止太多人的成功也没有经过大学教育的帮助,而他们的社会并不会在“是否有大学文凭”上作文章。(中文里“反智”这个词是overrated,已经变成一个骂人的标签了)
6,对传统和权威的尊崇正是韩寒代表的某种生活态度所要反叛的。教育不是不好,不是不要教育,而是要反对死板生硬谬误百出的教育,在这种教育里,大多数人被同化,变成沉默的大多数,少部分人在教育系统里通过自学苟且偷生,只有极少数象韩寒这样的人,可以完全抽离,另辟蹊径,居然可以反过来以特别的方式影响大众。其是中国正是在被这些边缘化的人影响着,在草根阶层、社会运动里、知识界、法律界,都是这种反叛力量在塑造着中国的公民社会。
7,人应有追求自己理想的权力,不能强求。对于画家来说,你逼他学电脑编程应该没什么意义,对于知识分子来说,这个理想就是知识,象文革时期的小部分知识分子,不让他读书他也会偷着读。华人社会的教育过分集中在仅有的几个方向,在大陆,中学就是语文英语数理化,大学着重理工科,而其他方面的知识遭到忽视:文学、艺术、历史、哲学、社会学、政治学、心理学等等。一个自由健康的社会就应该鼓励大众向各种可能的方向发展,而我们仅有的“读书”这个词汇已经不能涵盖这些意义了。
8,最后,在大陆,对于建立公民社会和宪政国家,你真的要成为一个知识分子才能看到和懂得这方面的书籍。而我相信韩寒和其他一些公共知识分子、维权律师、NGO志愿者以及其他社会人士正在把它们带到我们的生活中来。我相信这也是台湾在70,80年代发生的事情。
2011-08-16
關於普通話/粵語之戰
在网上又看到Wan Chin关于普通话劣等的言论。过去两年,香港分析粤语优胜普通话的言论不下几打。其中不乏精辟的简介,而论者各个都精通中文。可惜,没有人能摆脱粤语沙文主义,因感威胁,贬低普通话,以求抬高粤语的地位。虽可理解,但更似因噎废食,以后只能因语言地位的冲突,导致不同方言/语言使用者的蔑视和敌视。Wan Chin的文章里错误百出,而可能因不谙国语,所以“医治”“抑制”的音调搞混(医一声,抑四声),而两词基本不会被熟悉这语言的人弄混。
以前也说了很多,这里总结一下我的论点:
第一,普通话是官话的遗留物,虽没有象粤语继承那么多的中古汉语的因素,但明清以来的小说,散文以及之后的白话文各文体都是以官话为基础的,而普通话在这方面有先天优势。
第二,我们现在所写之中文,无论是粤语还是普通话,都夹杂了太多方言因素,所以才会有诸位粤语大师的感叹。但这不是“普通话是一劣质语言”的佐证。
第三,学习古文,可以说粤语有很多好处,诸位已经坦述的够多了,但中文不止是古文,学习鲁迅,张爱玲,老舍,白先勇,北岛,你说是用粤语好呢,还是国语好?尤其是现代汉语已经参杂太多北方话的因素,其中很多已经称为中文文学里不可或缺的一部分,了解普通话,读音以致会意对了解其文学有不能代替的作用。
第四,所谓语言,可为交流,可为指示,可为文学。如为交流,了解普通话不可谓不重要。如为指示,需要标准,普通话自有标准,何须批判?如为文学,文学之扎根多在口语、方言和土話之中,哪里有独尊一家的?(这对粤语对普通话都有效)
第五,普通话作为官话的继承人,逐渐放弃韵尾,而声调也减少。这是语言发展的结果,不是“劣等语言”的标志。英语就比欧陆各语言简化,向分析语言发展,但我们可以看出,它在文学上没有逊于其他任何一种语言。日语的音素更少于汉语,它需要更多的音节来表示词语和语意,但我们没有看出它希望“紧凑”自己的意思。我这么说,是因为普通话作为一种语言,有其自己优美动人之处,就像世界上其他任何一种语言。诚然,粤语可以用更少的音节来表示一句话,但这并不能代表它优于普通话。我们可以权当它为另一种语言,而中文有这么一种分支罢了(当然,普通话是另一分支)
所以我认为,粤语/普通话应该双管齐下,香港中文老师应两语俱全(这方面广州要好很多)。尊粤语没错,但别混淆视听,误人子弟。
2010-09-13
It's just too wet...
Of course I am talking about my ability of perspiration. This summer, the distance between my usual air-conditioned rooms and buildings increased so much, that by the time I finally get into one of them, my shirt are already medium well-done by my disgusting body fluid. The salty water spouts out from my body whenever they see the chance, which is abundant at every corner after my happiness: like the heavenly swimming pool I go at lunch time is companied by the hellish changing room, the beautiful campus I am now working at has to be reached from a crowded burning tunnel. So, I developed this fear at first, fear of still air, fear of shirt, fear of unsettlement but the fear itself is even more unsettling. The only thing can balance it back, is moving to the opposite, to the other extreme.
This is my body, I can't stop sweating. I already accepted this heart-breaking truth since I was 18. But now, I have to fight back! I train! I train to embrace the sensation of the ultimate cold! I train to enjoy the calmness of freezing air, let it touches the skin and bones.
The comfortableness is never the solution, we live in and by the conflicts.
2010-07-23
My thoughts on the issues of "靚模"
2010-07-21
The Next Big Feature Of Google Image Search
2010-07-20
My thought on private construction at Sai Wan
2010-06-09
Space Elevator
Here's the wiki page about space elevator.
And here's their video of a test lift to 1000 feet:
2010-06-02
2010-04-30
Apple vs. Adobe
2010-04-29
Google History Maps
2010-01-19
Whitelist
This act, by far, can only be compared to the "Closed Door Policy" in Qing Dynasty, which leaded to the humiliation in recent history. In my life, I haven't been shocked by any political or economical incident like this.
2009-04-19
西藏
2009-04-17
2009-04-15
River Town 读后
2009-03-24
关于中国人的种族主义
这里有介绍
2009-03-18
Wow, I didn't know it happened that fast!
Nowadays, things happen when you dream of them. Couple of weeks ago, when I start using Meebo, I realized that my digital life actually migrated to cloud computing without my conscious within the last few years. The following applications used to be provided by desktop software, and their data need to be saved into your local hard disk. But now, it's no longer ture:
- E-Mails: OK, it's ridiculous to repeat, but still: no more outlook, no more pop3, no more email clients. Now, Email means web mail only: http://mail.google.com/
- Office Documents: Word document, spreadsheet, although I was not a heavy user, but all my documents are now on google doc. http://docs.google.com/
To me, it's ridiculous to use Word any longer, I virtually don't know what to do with the .doc file: print them out? put them into USB disk? email them to myself so I can modify it at home so that I can forget to email back to my office address the next morning? I don't get the point... - Notes: I used to take notes in text files, now all of them are in google notebook. Well, yes, google stopped develop it, but I guess something better will emerge very soon. http://google.com/notebook/
- Bookmarks: I used Google bookmarks for several years, now I found something better: Diigo. http://www.diigo.com/dashboard/alcibiades
- Calendar: Google calendar, before I don't even use calendar: what's the use of a calendar if you can't check it on the road or at home? http://calendar.google.com/
- Contacts: I used to have a phone book, when I was in high school, it's my precious little book with all those phone numbers of girls. Then I lost it... Same thing happens to your outlook contact, since when you change your job, it's extremely difficult to migrate them from one computer to another, not to mention those annoying duplicates and office numbers which you will never use after you left. Now I am using GMail contacts, soon I will be using it with my iPhone... it's a sad story though, this is its bright side... http://mail.google.com/
- Books: This is funny. When Internet and I still young, I used to download and save all different kinds of stuffs from it. Now, I still do, like movies and something else which I am sure will be disappear from Internet or at least hard to find (An example is photos of CGX).
But at that time I downloaded all those e-books I can find, and it adds up to about 10G! Until I realized, free e-books will always be free, and the services will always get better. Currently, I read e-books on my iPhone with stanza and on the desktop, I just use browser. Kindle or it's iPhone software will soon hit international market, and I assume there will be a browser version as well. Books will be no longer needed on your shelf or in your hard disk.
For those who clicked the link of "Photos" above, I apologize. - Photos: Microsoft is offering a 25G sky drive space, I think google won't follow it that much. My essential photo albums are now all on Picasa, and apart from the upload speed issue, my backup goes directly to Amazon Web Services through Jungle Disk. To set it up, it's little bit tricky, but it's extremely cheap. (Of course I still have backups of photos in my computer, but my BELIEVE is, they will be gone sooner than I expect)
- Videos: same as photos, I upload them to Picasa, save them to AWS, and waiting for a cheaper and faster service to do backup. But as you know, now you don't have to send DVDs to others to share your wedding clips: http://www.youtube.com/
OK, about photos and videos, yes, we still not quite satisfied with the online versions of Photoshops and Premiers, but you know, I have a feeling, that when you expect something very eagerly, they may just come out right in the corner... - RSS reader: I never used a native RSS reader, jumped to Google reader directly.
- Internet Messaging: From ICQ to MSN IM to Google chat, now Meebo rules them all, in a browser, everywhere. MSN messenger installer used to be one of a "must have" when you get a new machine or rebuild your PC, now, it's no longer
http://www.meebo.com/ - PDF Reader: Just like MSN IM, Adobe Reader(Acrobat Reader before) was the standard software you install in the very beginning. Now, I am telling you, you don't need it any more. Just try to upload a pdf onto google doc, you will see, it understands PDF!
- Dictionary: I still use 金山词霸, but with FireFox or chrome's translation tool, now I can live without it.
- Games: I stopped gaming about 2 years ago, guess I can't say much about it now. But check out this.
- Music: This is the best part, when I start using Meebo, I tried to find out what else inside of my computer can be moved onto cloud, then I found what's left: musics! I still have a huge library in iTunes which I can't access them online as pictures, videos and documents. Then, today I heard a news
OK, it's not like I am going to use this service right away. But this means you will soon be able to see similar or better services, then after that, your iTunes, iPod, iPhone or other mp3 music player will no longer need a storage of 8, 16, 32G. - TV Shows: Alright, it's not happening directly here, but it's happening here. Basically, you just need to follow the video, then you can watch all those popular TV shows on hulu.com. This is crazy, you don't even need to BT it. I am watching 24 now, Chloe is hotter than ever...
Talking about TV, I haven't turned my 32" LCD to "TV channels" for almost, hmmm 4 years? Wait, my mother in law maybe did it several times when she's at our place, ohh, and on olympic opening. But, I haven't actually watched any TV on it since I bought it. I used it several hours a day, as my main computer screen. - Some movies and pictures: You get what I mean here, these type of files used to occupy most of your hard disk space, and you wipe them again and download them again, again and again... now, instead of terabytes of your hard disk space, you only need to combine any two of these words: "tube", "you", "porn", "sex", then put them onto address bar.
I apologize again for not giving these precious links.
2009-03-17
普鲁塔克的智慧
Watchmen
简单说两点。Watchmen终于冲破了所有漫画故事的框架。英雄们不再是跳出来就义无反顾地去拯救世界,因为有一个更严重的问题:怎样拯救这个世界,甚至是:这个世界是否值得拯救。在这个另类历史中,英雄面对的问题就是整个人类面对的问题,你无法运用超能力去解决道德和政治问题。他们的超能力看似可以使问题迎刃而解,其实个别事件的解决是无法使历史的洪流转向的。甚至,就如影片所示,越战因为Watchmen地介入,导致Nixon连任,使世界正因为这些英雄而成为了地狱。所以,正因为英雄的人性和普通人的人性没有什么两样,所以人人在历史面前都无能为力。作为一个人,你只能去选择,然后承担这个责任。
2009-03-12
关于经济衰退
反过来说,这也是一次考验。过几年再看吧。
2009-03-07
Revisit Starship Troopers之一
当然,大家也可以看出来这种方法的主观性应该是所有评分方法里最严重的,不过我琢磨似乎现今电影评论大多就只是评论者本身主观性的表露,所以我应该是走在潮流的最尖端吧?
废话倒此,现在谈谈我今天复习过了的一部电影:Starship Troopers (1997)。女性听众一听就急忙想关窗,我也没法拦着,所有科幻电影对于现今中国籍的女性普罗大众来说就是催眠药,而凑巧我重新开博的第一篇电影评论就是此类。只能告诫各位,科幻题材反而更能紧扣现实以及其中的文化、政治和社会问题(当然也包括两性关系)。
还在南京的时候我就看过Starship Troopers,就像大部分当时看的电影一样,我如今的体会和当年大不一样。不过当时这部电影就在几方面给我留下了很深的印象,所幸就是这几方面使此片不至于沉入茫茫片海,而直到现在我才有足够的工具去剖析和理解它们。
这部电影的剧情很简单:在未来某个时期,人类和某个星球发达的虫类爆发战争,地球遭到的袭击,军事化的地球政府就派遣军队去虫类星球上和虫子们作战。故事就围绕着三个参军的主角的生活和战斗而展开,直到最后战争取得一个阶段性的胜利。听起来枯燥乏味,好像某个B级片的剧情,但是导演利用了当时最先进的科技,每个特技镜头都非常华丽,战争场面尤其宏大,在加上一些挑逗的性描写以及血腥的镜头,使得此片和其他好来坞巨型烂片一样精彩。
真正特别之处如下:
这部电影展现的未来世界是一个非常特殊的社会。尽数所有的幻想电影和小说,无非就是两种未来:乌托邦和反乌托邦。乌托邦是一个比现实美好的社会,不论从制度上来说还是民生上来说。反乌托邦描述的是一个比现实悲惨的未来社会,制度不是极权的就是无政府的,反正人类的生活不是受压抑就是饱受战乱。
但是Starship Troopers所描述的未来世界非常特别,至少我看不出来这是一个更好还是更坏的社会。从片头的战争宣传片来看,其语言、联邦徽章、口号都不能不使人联想起纳粹德国。尤其是其军队制服,简直和盖世太保的如出一辙。但是电影描写的平民生活似乎是田园诗的,悠闲而充足。
人际关系没有着墨太多,不果可以看出来两性关系似乎比现在更松弛,尤其是片中一幕给97年的我留下了深刻影响:电影里的军营是男女混合的,女性不仅和男性同吃同住,而且一同服役在火线上,甚至军营浴室都是混合的,有一个镜头是十几个男女在训练之后进入敞开的浴室,所有人毫不羞涩的共同淋浴同时尽情交谈,此镜头不像其他一些电影里,某男士不小心闯入女性更衣室或者化妆室,装见某几位还没来的及穿上些什么,此时女士们多处事不惊,优雅得用猫步走过,顺便用眼神挑逗一下来者。但是在Starship Troopers里此镜头没有任何性暗示,似乎在这个场合里没有性的存在,虽然大家都是裸呈相对。好像是一群7,8岁的小男孩在澡堂洗澡一样。
对于我来说,一部电影里的一个镜头令人反思这么长时间实在少见。导演似乎想通过视觉刺激来表达一个奇异的未来世界,告诉观众这个社会的特殊形态。他似乎想塑造一个没有性压抑的世界,或者是一个公共空间无性的时代?或者是一个两性在性权利上绝对平等的时代?或者是一个没有任何形式的压迫的社会?
以我有限的女性主义思想论据很难对此进行深刻剖析,只能进行粗浅的想象:似乎这样的一个社会中,两性的之间的吸引变得非常个人化,粗糙的感官已经不能产生刺激。至少在特定的场合里,注视裸体和呈现裸体已经不能也不会在意识中产生任何形式的回馈,所以就没有任何生理上的反映(这可能算是返祖现象,因为动物包括灵长类都不怎么喜欢穿衣服)。其原因可能是两性关系已经在很久以前就摆脱了原有的权力结构(注视和呈现表达了这种权力关系),既然呈现不是一种屈从,注视无法化身为支配,所以与之相伴的道德感及知觉就失去了依附。
你可以说这也算道德沦丧的一种,是导演色迷心窍的涂鸦。不过我觉得这可能是一种值得向往的未来,因为这种未来里,性道德使社会管理成本减小到最低限度。两性可能不需要花费太多时间、精力和金钱去单纯在感官上吸引对方,也不会去担心因为外表而吸引或者被吸引、排斥或者被排斥。我认为这样的关系可以为人类个性的真正发展而铺路。
当然,这部电影也没有完全忠实于这一条社会关系的假定,主角间的矛盾仍然是两性间的基本矛盾 LOL。(从另外一个角度来想,两性关系的不平衡也许出在人类孤独的本质上,所以是不可调和的,算了,这个问题以后再讨论吧。)
